Encephalitozoon cuniculi is a microspora and a protozoan that belongs to the Microsporasida class and to the Nosematidae family.
Main picture link: https://www.microbiologiaitalia.it/parassitologia/encephalitozoon-cuniculi/
Where is Encephalitozoon cuniculi located?
Encephalitozoon cuniculi is localized in the following organs:
- Brain.
- Kidney.
- Liver.
- Other organs.
Who are the main victims of Encephalitozoon cuniculi?
The main victims are the following:
- Rabbit.
- Cat.
- Dog.
- Red fox.
- Silver fox.
- Artic fox.
- Rat.
- Mouse.
- Human.
Is Encephalitozoon cuniculi widespread?
The encephalitozoon cuniculi is widespread throughout the world.
How does the Encephalitozoon cuniculi infect animals?
The way in which encephalitozoon cuniculi enters the organism of an animal varies from species to species.
In rabbits and rodents, the parasite is transmitted by ingestion and by the transplacental route. The latter method is not frequent.
The spores are very resistant and can survive for many years in the environment. From them the tubule extends and is inoculated into the host cell. The division can be binary or multiple and subsequently the sporoblasts from which the spores originate are formed.
What does Encephalitozoon cuniculi look like?
Trophoites measure 2-2.5 × 0.8-1.2 µm in the tissue section and 4 × 2.5 µm. The spores are 2 µm long and contain a polar tubule wrapped in a spiral of 4 or 5 turns.
How is Encephalitozoon cuniculi controlled?
In rabbit farms, the following measures are necessary:
- Identify and isolate infected rabbits.
- Follow strict hygiene rules to avoid the ingestion of urine of infected animals.
- For nutrition and watering it is better to use suspended bottles or containers.
- Do not keep rabbits in stacked cages.
- Treat infected rabbits with benzimidazoles (febendazole, oxfendazole and albendazole).
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