1493 - Anna Bijns, Flemish writer, poet, teacher, and school administrator; she was the first author in Dutch-language literature who owed her success in part to the recently invented printing press.
1634 - Kazimierz Łyszczyński, Polish writer, philosopher, soldier, and judge who studied philosophy as a Jesuit but later turned away from religion. His treatise On the Non-Existence of God led to his accusation, trial, and execution for atheism.
1743 - Johann David Wyss, Swiss folklorist and author who is best remembered for the book Swiss Family Robinson.
1793 - Ōshio Heihachirō, Japanese samurai, writer, Neo-Confucianism scholar, and rebel leader.
1798 - Sigurður Breiðfjörð, prolific Icelandic poet, writer, and cooper.
1803 - Nikolay Mikhailovich Yazykov, Russian poet, writer, and Slavophile who was one of the most popular poets of his generation.
1819 - Narcyza Zmichowska (also known by her pen name, Gabryella), Polish novelist and poet who is considered a precursor of feminism in Poland.
1827 - Henrietta Keddie, prolific Scottish novelist who wrote under the pseudonym Sarah Tytler; her domestic realism was popular with women readers, as were her conduct books for girls.
1833 - Agripina Samper Agudelo, Colombian writer and poet who wrote under the pseudonym "Pía-Rigán," an anagram of her real name; her works were unpublished in her own lifetime, and published only posthumously.
1836 - Matilda Betham-Edwards, English novelist, travel writer, poet, and children's writer.
1851 - Alexandros Pepekas Papadiamantis, influential Greek short-story writer, novelist, journalist, and translator.
1856 - Toru Dutt, Indian Bengali poet, novelist, essayist, and translator who wrote in English and French, but is best known for her poems in English; in her work, she explored themes of loneliness, longing, patriotism and nostalgia. She died at the age of 21.
1862 - Louise Cruppi (née Crémieux), French writer, musician, feminist, and activist.
1865 - Eduard Vilde, revered Estonian writer, journalist, humorist, and diplomat who is considered a pioneer of critical realism in Estonian literature; he is generally credited as being the country's first professional writer.
1871 - Mykola Burachek, Ukrainian writer, impressionist painter, art historian, and university teacher.
1875 - Enrique Larreta, Argentine writer, academic, journalist, diplomat, and art collector who was a ten-time nominee for the Nobel Prize in Literature.
1878 - Takeo Arishima, Japanese novelist, essayist, diarist, short-story writer, poet, philosopher, social critic, and literary critic; his work was critically acclaimed for his style, but the themes and characters of his works, which focused on women and lower-class men. He died in 1923 in a suicide pact with the woman he loved, after her husband learned of their affair.
1881 - T.S. Stribling, Pulitzer Prize-winning U.S. lawyer, short-story writer, novelist, and journalist who wrote about the American South.
1893 - Anne Marie Frederikke Telmányi (née Nielsen), Danish painter, writer, and biographer; as an artist, she is remembered for her landscapes, mythological subjects, and portraits of important figures of the times.
1897 - Bernice Love Wiggins (also known as Bernice Love Clay), U.S. African-American poet and writer who was part of the Harlem Renaissance.
1901 - Jean-Joseph Rabearivelo (born Joseph-Casimir Rabearivelo), Madagascan poet who is widely considered to be Africa's first modern poet and the greatest literary artist of Madagascar.
1906 - Meindert DeJong, Dutch-U.S. author of children's books who won multiple Newbery Medals.
1913 - Marie-Louise-Taos Amrouche, Tunisian-born Algerian writer, singer, and author who was the first Algerian woman to publish a novel.
1914 - Barbara Newhall Follett, U.S. child-prodigy novelist whose first two books were published when she was twelve and fourteen; she disappeared at age 25 and was never found.
1919 - Rosamund Stanhope, British poet and teacher known for her use of esoteric and unusual words.
1921 - Phanishwar Nath Renu, Indian author, screenwriter, and activist who was one of the most successful and influential writers of modern Hindi literature.
1924 - Alcira Soust Scaffo, Uruguayan writer, poet, and teacher who lived in Mexico for more than two decades; during the occupation of the National Autonomous University of Mexico by the Mexican Army, she remained hidden for 15 days in a bathroom at the university.
1928 - Alan Sillitoe, English writer; one of the "Angry Young Men" of the 1950s; he is remembered for his brash and angry accounts of working-class life. which injected new vigor into post-World War II British fiction.
1932 - Miriam Makeba, South African singer, songwriter, autobiographer, and human-rights activist.
1940 - David Plante, U.S. and British novelist, professor, diarist, and memoirist.
1942 - Maria Baciu, award-winning Romanian poet, novelist, children's writer, professor, and literary critic.
1942 - Eleanor Millard, Canadian writer, novelist, memoirist, short-story writer, social worker, and politician.
1943 - Lourdes Ortiz, Spanish novelist, crime novelist, historical novelist, playwright, poet, essayist, and translator; her work focuses mainly on social and political topics.
1946 - Patricia Kennealy-Morrison, U.S. author, editor, journalist, memoirist, and music critic; her published works include rock criticism, a memoir, and two series of science fiction/fantasy and murder mystery novels; she was one of the first women rock critics and is a High Priestess in a Celtic Pagan tradition.
1946 - Márcio Souza, Brazilian writer, novelist, science-fiction author, and literary critic; much of his work focuses on the Amazon basin.
1948 - Julia Cameron, U.S. teacher, author, artist, and poet whose best known books are The Artist's Way and The Right to Write.
1948 - James Ellroy, U.S. author of crime fiction and essays, much of whose work is characterized by a telegrammatic prose style that omits connecting words and uses only short, staccato sentences; he has called himself, "The Demon Dog of American Literature.
1951 - Theresa Hak Kyung Cha, Korean novelist, producer, director, professor, and artist who was murdered a week after her novel was published.
1953 - Geoff Nicholson, British satirical novelist and nonfiction writer.
1953 - Peggy Rathman, Caldecott Medal-winning U.S. author and illustrator of children's books.
1953 - Daniel Woodrell, U.S. novelist and short-story writer whose work is set in the Ozarks.
1954 - Irina Borisovna Ratushinskaya, Ukrainian Soviet dissident, poet, memoirist, writer, screenwriter, teacher, and physicist; in 1983, she was convicted of "agitation carried on for the purpose of subverting or weakening the Soviet regime" through her poetry, and spent three-and-a-half years in a labor camp, where she continued to write poetry, scratching poems into soap with a matchstick, memorizing them, and then washing them away.
1965 - Khaled Hosseini, Afghan-U.S. novelist, short-story writer, physician, and advocate for refugees; his first novel, The Kite Runner, was an international bestseller and a critical success.
1965 - Alexander Shaganov, Russian writer, poet, audio engineer, singer, songwriter, and lyricist who wrote the lyrics for many popular songs.
1966 - Dav Pilkey, U.S. cartoonist, author, and illustrator of children's books, most notably the "Captain Underpants" series.
1970 - Amélie Sarn, French author, comic-book writer, comics artist, children's author, and translator.
1971 - Aram Hur, South Korean writer, teacher, humanist, educator, publisher, lecturer, restauranteur, and social entrepreneur; she is the founder and chairperson of Indigo Book Company, a humanities bookstore for young people which also hosts public events, educational movements, and social activities, and is a combination of nonprofit book publisher, magazine, bookstore, after-school program, and community center.
1975 - Fiona Maazel, award-winning U.S. novelist who was named a "5 under 35" honoree by the National Book Foundation.
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