1478 - Baldassare Castiglione (Count of Casatico), prominent Italian Renaissance author who was also a courtier, diplomat, and soldier.
1721 - James Elphinston, Scottish philologist, orthographer, and English-language grammarian.
1730 - Sophie von La Roche, German novelist, writer, and salonnière who is considered the first financially independent professional writer in Germany.
1797 - Naum Veqilharxhi, Albanian writer, translator, lawyer, and politician who invented a unique alphabet for the Albanian language using characters he had created himself, the Vithkuqi script; he is one of the key figures in the early Albanian National Awakening.
1803 - Susanna Moodie, English-born Canadian writer, poet, and children's author who wrote about her experiences as a settler in Canada.
1837 - Pétrus Ky (born Truong Vinh Ký), Vietnamese writer, scholar, historian, journalist, linguist, and translator whose publication helped improve understanding between colonial Vietnam and Europe. He was also known as Jean-Baptiste Pétrus.
1859 - Einar Hjörleifsson Kvaran, Icelandic editor, novelist, poet, short-story writer, playwright, journalist, and prominent spiritualist.
1884 - Cornelia Meigs, U.S. children's author of fiction and biography, best known for her 1933 biography of Louisa May Alcott, Invincible Louisa; in addition to winning the Newbery Medal for that book, she also wrote three Newbery Honor books.
1886 - Joyce Kilmer, U.S. writer and poet best known for his poem "Trees"; though a prolific poet whose works celebrated the beauty of nature, Kilmer was also a journalist, literary critic, lecturer, editor, and religious writer.
1886 - Shūmei Ōkawa, Japanese writer, historian, translator, university teacher, journalist, and linguist.
1904 - Eve Curie Labouisse, French-U.S. writer, journalist, biographer, activist, and pianist; as the daughter of Marie Skłodowska-Curie and Pierre Curie and the sister of Irène Joliot-Curie, she was the only person in her family who did not become a scientist and win a Nobel Prize. She did write a biography of her mother and a memoir about her experiences as a war correspondent. She was dubbed the "First Lady of UNICEF" for her commitment to working for UNICEF to help mothers and children in developing countries.
1905 - Elizabeth Yates, Newbery Medal-winning U.S. author of children's books who is best known for the biographical novel Amos Fortune, Free Man .
1910 - David M. Potter, Pulitzer Prize-winning U.S. historian who wrote extensively about the American Civil War.
1916 - Nilawan Pintong, Thai feminist writer and magazine editor whose efforts toward the development of women's rights in Thailand earned her the nickname Steel Lotus Blossom.
1931 - Zeki Müren, award-winning Turkish writer, poet, songwriter, composer, musician, and actor who was known by the nicknames "The Sun of Art" and "Pasha"; he was one of the prominent figures of the Turkish classical music.
1937 - Akram Najaf oglu Naibov, Azerbaijani writer, playwright, novelist, and member of parliament who was better known by his pen name Akram Aylisli.
1942 - Herbjørg Wassmo, Norwegian writer, poet, novelist, and teacher; her novel, Dinas bok (Dina's Book), was made into the film I Am Dina, starring Maria Bonnevie and Gérard Depardieu.
1945 - Rafał Wojaczek, Polish poet and writer who led a troubled life and committed suicide in 1971; his work translated the realities of life in Poland into universal and existential terms.
1949 - Linda Barnes, U.S. mystery writer, known for the "Carlotta Carlyle" series.
1949 - Lê Minh Khuê, acclaimed Vietnamese short-story writer; she was interviewed in Ken Burns's television documentary series The Vietnam War.
1949 - Élmer Mendoza, Mexican novelist, short-story writer, playwright, and professor who is one of the key figures in the genre known as narcoliterature; he is best known for his novels, several of which feature the detective Edgar El Zurdo Mendieta.
1950 - Nirupama Rao, Indian poet, author, stateswoman, and diplomat who was India's Foreign Secretary as well as the Indian Ambassador to both the U.S. and China; she has written books on politics and history, and also a book of poetry.
1951 - Tomson Highway, Canadian indigenous (Cree) playwright, novelist, children's author, and musician who was also the librettist of the first Cree language opera, Pimooteewin (The Journey).
1958 - Linda Ellen Evans, bestselling U.S. science-fiction writer.
1962 - Carin Gerhardsen, Swedish author of crime fiction who began her career as a mathematician and IT consultant; her mathematical knowledge is visible in her novels, which contain intrigues dealing with advanced calculations.
1968 - Karl Ove Knausgård, Norwegian novelist, art critic, and autobiographer who has been described as "one of the 21st century's greatest literary sensations."
1970 - Joumana Haddad, acclaimed Lebanese poet, translator, journalist, and women's rights activist.
1975 - Anuradha Bhattacharyya, award-winning Indian poet, novelist, and professor who writes in English.
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